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REGISTRATION OF SPÓŁKA Z O.O. IN POLAND
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Spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością (Sp. z o.o.) is a limited liability company and the most popular business form in Poland. It is suitable for small, medium, and large businesses, as well as for foreign entrepreneurs who wish to operate in the European Union.
What is a Spółka z o.o.?
This is the equivalent of an LLC – a limited liability company.
Key features of Spółka z o.o.:
- Suitable for foreigners — you can own 100% of the business
- Minimum share capital — 5000 PLN
- Operates under a simplified tax system (9% or 19%)
- Can be registered remotely
- Sp. z o.o. is a stable and reliable way to do business in Poland
Who is Spółka z o.o. suitable for?
- Small and medium businesses – shops, restaurants, service companies, logistics, real estate
- IT companies, startups, online businesses – work with global clients, attract investment, hire employees
- Foreign entrepreneurs – can own 100% of the company, run a business, and apply for a residence permit in Poland
- Manufacturing companies – opportunities to work with Polish and EU partners, participate in tenders and public procurements
- Investors – Sp. z o.o. can be used to manage assets and invest in real estate
- International businesses wishing to enter the EU market
Sp. z o.o. is a stable and reliable way to do business in Poland
How to register a Sp. z o.o. in Poland?
Company registration is carried out through the National Court Register (KRS) and includes several steps.
01
Document Preparation
- Articles of association (with information about activities, capital, management)
- Founder data (passport or residence card)
- Legal address (a virtual office can be used)
- Minimum capital: 5000 PLN
- Decision on the appointment of a director
02
Registration in KRS
(National Court Register)
- Submission of documents online via S24 (1–2 days) or through a notary (5–7 days)
- After registration, the company receives a KRS number, confirming its legal status
03
Obtaining NIP and REGON
After entering into the register, the following are automatically assigned:
- NIP – tax identification number
- REGON – statistical business number
- If the company operates with VAT, an application for VAT payer registration must be submitted
04
Registration in CRBR
(Central Register of Beneficial Owners)
CRBR (Centralny Rejestr Beneficjentów Rzeczywistych) is a mandatory register where information about the actual (beneficial) owners of a company must be submitted.
Registration is done online, and failure to submit the data on time may result in fines.
Registration is done online, and failure to submit the data on time may result in fines.
05
Opening a corporate bank account
A mandatory step — without a bank account, the company will not be able to make payments or pay taxes.
06
Registration with ZUS
(Social Insurance Institution)
If the company has employees or plans to hire them, it is necessary to register them in the insurance system.
07
Start of Operations
After completing all stages, the company can enter into contracts, conduct commercial activities, and operate officially.
Experience across various industries
We support clients from a wide range of sectors:
IT & startups
Construction companies
Retail & wholesale trade
Cafés and restaurants
Beauty industry
Services & freelancers
Leave the bureaucracy to us — focus on growing your business!
Our company offers comprehensive support at every stage of registering a Spółka z o.o. in Poland. Contact the professionals!
TAXES FOR Sp. z o.o. IN POLAND
Tax Type
Corporate Income Tax (CIT)
VAT (Value-Added Tax)
Dividend Tax
Rate
9% (for turnover up to EUR 2 million) or 19%
23%, 8%, 5%
19%
Description
Main tax for companies
Mandatory if turnover exceeds 200,000 PLN*
When distributing profits to owners
VAT (Value-Added Tax):
* 23% is the base VAT rate. The applicable VAT rate depends on the nature and type of goods or services sold. The entrepreneur cannot arbitrarily choose the rate; it must be based on legal rules. To simplify classification, the law provides rates of 8%, 5%, and 0% for specific products and services.
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Advantages and disadvantages of a Spółka z o.o.
Advantages:
- Minimum share capital — only 5000 PLN.
- Limited liability – founders’ personal assets are protected
- Flexible taxation – CIT from 9%/strong>.
- Business can be conducted remotely.
- 100% foreign ownership – no restrictions for non-residents.
Disadvantages:
- Dividend tax (19%).
- Takes longer to register than a sole proprietorship
Don’t postpone your plans — take the first step toward business registration today.
Service price:
1900
zl
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Everything you need to know about business registration in Poland. 👇
What is needed to register a business in Poland?
To register a business in Poland, you need a PESEL number, a Profil Zaufany, and a legal address.
If you don’t have a PESEL or Profil Zaufany — we’ll help you obtain them.
If you don’t have an address to register your business — you can use a virtual office (we can help with that too).
How long does it take to register a business?
The registration time depends on the chosen form.
Sp. z o.o.:
Sp. z o.o.:
- via the S24 electronic system — up to 24 hours
- via a notary — up to 7 working days
- registration through CEIDG usually takes 1–2 working days
Which PKD activity codes must be indicated during registration?
When registering a business in Poland, you must indicate PKD codes — this is the classification of types of activity.
The main PKD reflects the core business activity.
You can also add additional codes — there can be dozens.
IMPORTANT: PKD codes can be changed or added in the future.
We provide assistance in selecting the appropriate PKD codes.
Can a Polish company be used to conduct business in other EU countries?
Yes, a Polish company (for example, Spółka z o.o.) can be used to conduct business throughout the European Union.
How it works:
How it works:
- sign contracts with clients and partners in any EU country
- issue invoices with an EU VAT number
- rent offices or warehouses abroad
- open branches or representative offices in other countries
- hire remote employees from any EU country
A Polish company is recognized as a full-fledged legal entity in the EU and can:
- For intra-EU trade, it is recommended to obtain an EU VAT number (NIP UE) — a special international VAT payer number
- Some EU countries may have additional requirements (e.g., tax registration in the country of operation if a permanent establishment exists)
- You must maintain accounting in Poland and file reports in accordance with Polish legislation, even if you operate in another EU country
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